Knowledge is Power

Types of Small Electric Vehicles include:

- Electric Two-Wheelers like electric motorcycles, scooters, and mopeds.

- Electric Bicycles (E-bikes) which are traditional bikes with a battery and motor.

- Electric Three-Wheelers used for transporting goods and passengers.

- Electric Boat Outboards for small crafts or trolling motors in larger vessels.

Battery Aspects to consider are:

- Battery Swapping which allows quick exchange of batteries.

- Battery Safety concerns with lithium-ion batteries related to overheating and fire risks.

- Cycle Life which is the number of charge and discharge cycles before battery degradation.

Practical Adoption trends show:

- Urban Mobility preferences leaning towards electric scooters and e-bikes for short commutes.

- A rise in Electric scooter-sharing platforms in cities globally.

- Cost Savings from fewer maintenance requirements and lower energy costs.

- The Environmental Impact from reduced emissions leading to cleaner air.

- Governmental Regulations and Incentives promoting electric vehicle adoption.

Challenges faced include:

- Developing Infrastructure for battery swapping.

- Varied Public Perception about electric vehicle longevity, safety, and efficiency.

- The initial higher Battery Costs primarily due to the battery.

In summary, small electric vehicles are becoming more popular due to their environmental and economic benefits, with the potential to reshape urban transportation.

The Integrated Drive Train: Reshaping the Electric Vehicle Ecosystem

Amidst the rumblings of the electric vehicle (EV) revolution, the integrated drive train stands out, not just as a technological marvel but as a game-changer for vehicle service, mass adoption, and overall user experience. Here's a deeper dive into the ramifications of this integration:

1. Ushering in the Age of Intelligent Service

With an integrated drive train, gone are the days when mechanics fumbled with disconnected systems. As these components communicate seamlessly, diagnostic times plummet. Big data and AI, now tools synonymous with sophisticated systems in tech-savvy metropolises, can redefine service standards even in remote areas. Information becomes the pivot, ensuring mechanics need less traditional "trial and error" skills and more adeptness at interpreting data.

2. Leveling the Playing Field for Retrofitting

Retrofitting has its challenges, more so in the world of EVs. An integrated drive train, with its factory-tuned characteristics, ensures consistency and reliability. For those in the entrepreneurial hinterlands of developing nations, it means the complex technology of the West is not just accessible but usable without a steep learning curve.

3. Ousting the "Cowboys"

Integration could well be the nemesis of those who thrive on information asymmetry. As systems become transparent and self-diagnostic, the space for those who exploit gaps in understanding shrinks. With integrated drive trains, quality assurance isn't just a promise; it's a deliverable.

4. Simplifying End-of-Life Handling

The amalgamation of electronics, mechanics, and chemistry within the integrated drive train could revolutionize the recycling and disposal process. Instead of grappling with disparate parts, the end-of-life handling becomes a more streamlined affair, addressing crucial environmental concerns.

5. Making Tech 'Cool' Again

Forget the staid dashboards of old. Imagine a world where your EV communicates with you, providing real-time updates, performance metrics, and even predictive data. This isn't just functional; it's downright cool. Your vehicle isn't just a mode of transport; it becomes an interactive experience.

Balancing Acts: Costs and Privacy

All these advantages, of course, come with their own set of challenges. Integration means sophisticated manufacturing processes, which could inflate costs. Then there's the omnipresent concern about data privacy. With vehicles generating a plethora of data, ensuring it doesn't end up in the wrong hands or isn't misused becomes paramount.

In the end, as the world inches closer to an electric future, the integrated drive train isn't just a component; it's a philosophy. It speaks of seamless experiences, democratized access, and a commitment to sustainability. However, as with all advancements, it demands responsible usage, balancing the scales of innovation with those of cost and privacy. The road ahead is electric, integrated, and full of possibilities.

Electric motorcycles and scooters are electric vehicles with two or three wheels. The electricity is stored on board in a rechargeable battery, which drives one or more electric motors. Electric Motorbike have gained popularity in the last decade, and the industry has matured and consolidated in supply-chain and key components manufacturing. However, the basic use case is for urban dwellers where electricity is readily available to charge the batteries relatively frequently. A typical capacity of a e- Motorbike battery pack is 1-2 kWh, delivering a typical top speed of 60 km/h and range of 60 km.

Electric Motorcycle framework and traction designed are similar to traditional ICE Motorcycles in functionality and appearance. Instead of an ICE engine and transmission drive chain, modern e-Motorcycle use lithium-ion battery packs for power, and electric motors for torque. Increasing brushless DC motors are used and mounted directly into rear wheel hub (direct drive as opposed to chain drive). The Electric Motor Electric motorcycle has come a long way due to advancement in battery and modern brushless DC motor technology. BLDC motors offers compact size, high torque, and high efficiency. Industrial scale of production also reduces the overall cost and durability. Modern power electronics provide precise, efficient, and safe operation of motors.

Battery pack need to match the required power profile the vehicle. Urban moped running at 40-50 km/h typically operate at 48V, while larger lang-range motorbikes designed to run >80km/h will require voltage at 72V. Omnivoltaic focuses on motorbikes with typical specifications of the battery

Battery needs to be charged at homes or at charging station.

Home use charger is generally limited in power hence charging speed, intended for over-night charging from standard home single phase A/C outlets. For safety and economy, typical rating will be 10 A.

Central charging stations can offer power outlets, or battery swapping, both are considerably faster. Motorbikes are well-suited to battery swapping because the battery can be easily removed from the Motorcycle battery compartment and replaced with a freshly charged one. In electricity constrained locations, solar charging is a key enabler to the availability of charging services.

Barrier due to cost of access can be greatly reduced through various business models such as Battery Swapping, Rent-to-Own and Pay-As-You-Go. To facilitate these business models, robust asset tracking technology through IoT, GPS and device identification technology are necessary. Omnivoltaic e-Mobility Omnivoltaic is launching a suite of e-mobility related technologies

The devices used in the off-grid sector often face power and computing limitations. This makes it very difficult when looking at how to make these devices visible on the cloud. Omnivoltaic has developed the BridgeWare™ to address this challenge. The hardware devices and embedded firmware form a layer of physical connection and data abstraction between off-grid device and the cloud.

The basic solution concept is simple: the hardware interface components handle device specific handshake, data query, and package the data streams as messages to the Omnivoltaic device Messaging Central. Combining its experience in both device manufacturing and device cloud representation, Omnivoltaic is uniquely positioned to create low-cost and “offline tolerant” devices and firmware that form data links to the cloud and internally referred to as BridgeWare™. All configurations of a BridgeWare™ module has 3 components:

Omnivoltaic has developed both embedded and add-on types of BridgeWare™ modules that are at the center of its off-grid system products, which typically consist of multiple components such as Battery Management Systems (BMS), Inverters and User Interface (UI). A wide range of device operational data can be obtained and propagated to the cloud as JSON objects. One key feature of Omnivoltaic BridgeWare™ is its tolerance to intermittent data links. Continuous data feeds via GSM or Lora networks, or intermittent data burst via phones or even IC cards can all be handled. To be able to handle unreliable data connection, or the complete lack of it, certain data local storage buffer is also part of the design balance.

Data must be eventually discovered and interpreted. Omnivoltaic has created and published a device data general attribute profile protocol (GATT), similar to the standard used by BLE industry. (link to Profile). The protocol is influenced by MQTT messaging standard, and indeed is implemented and tested on Omnivoltaic global MQTT broker.

Omnivoltaic BridgeWare™ transmission is an application layer protocol, so is largely agnostic of specific data link layer implementation. However, modules shipped by Omnivoltaic take specific modality of connectivity. In most locations, GSM based technology is used because of its availability.

Omnivoltaic Bridgeware™ can be used for various applications, such as;

Electrify the world? It’s possible!

Off-grid electric power solutions are better and cheaper today thanks to substantial technological progress in solar PV, lithium rechargeable battery, LED, efficient DC appliance, and IoT technologies.

Global supply chain and logistics make products accessible anywhere in the world. Quality standards, consumer awareness, innovative product manufacturers and institutional investors are making off-grid electric power a real industry.

The good news is that energy poverty can actually be eradicated from humanity, and there are clean, fair and sustainable ways to do that.

Power Generation, Storage and Usage are three intertwined components that construct any off-grid power system. Omnivoltaic's innovative Power Triad™ balanced design concept is at the core of each and every product produced by the company. With extraordinary efficiency levels, Omnivoltaic products are designed to meet the diverse needs of our customers, whether it be for basic lighting, home appliances, or income generating tools.

Omnivoltaic believes that every consumer should have the option to invest in electricity access, both in the short and long run. The company's Power Cascade™ is a customer-oriented, forward-looking model for distributed power generation and consumption that offers flexible, high-quality incremental power consumption options for customers as their power requirements increase.